A560
Normal Ranges

  1. Temperature, Heart and Respiratory Rates:

Calves

*Temperature 
(in Fahrenheit)

*Heart Rate 
(beats per min.)

*Respiratory Rate
(breaths per min.)

Newborn

101.4-104º

115-140

56

8-14 days old

101.4-104º

108

50

1 month old

101.4-103.5º

105

50

2 months

101.4-103.5º

101

45

3 months

101.4-103.5º

99

40

6 months

101-103.5º

96

30

 

Adults

*Temperature

*Heart Rate

*Respiratory Rate

Cows

99.0-103º

70-90

12-16

Bulls/Steers

99.5-102.8º

91

12-16

Heifers

99.5-103.5º

70-90

14-22

*  The above numbers are determined when the cow is at rest, and depend on the condition of the individual animal.

  1. Capillary Refill Time: This should be less than two seconds. See page B105 for more information on Capillary Refill Time.
  2. Mucous Membrane Color: The membranes should be pink and moist.
  3. Gut Sounds: In an adult animal, the rumen should contract at least once a minute. See page B880 for additional suggestions.