| The area outlined by the white triangle indicates the proper location for intramuscular (IM) vaccine injections in the neck. |
Causative Agent:
EVA is caused by a virus of the Togavirus family.Clinical Signs: Early on, the infection causes a high fever, lethargy, nasal and eye discharge, and coughing. Some animals experience swelling of the eyelids, limbs, and scrotum. The virus can also cause abortions in mares.
Disease Transmission: The virus is spread by inhalation or intercourse. Stallions are reported to carry the disease in the sperm for months to years at a time.
Diagnosis: If exposure has occurred, a blood sample from a suspect animal will show titers to the virus. Semen samples and swabs of the nose and eye secretions are also useful in diagnosing the disease.
Treatment: There seems to be no specific treatment; however, strict rest, antibiotics, and good nursing care are the best options for management of the infection.
Prevention: Vaccination and sound management practices are the only prevention. See ARVAC vaccine on page C45.
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